Benchmark Simulations of Gyro-Kinetic Electron and Fully-Kinetic Ion Model for Lower Hybrid Waves in Linear Region

Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation method has been proved to be a good candidate to study the interactions between plasmas and radio-frequency waves. However, for waves in the lower hybrid range of frequencies, a full PIC simulation is not efficient due to its high computational cost. In this work, a gyro-kinetic electron and fully-kinetic ion (GeFi) particle simulation model is applied to study the propagations and mode conversion processes of lower hybrid waves (LHWs) in plasmas. With this method, the computational efficiency of LHW simulations is greatly increased by using a larger grid size and time step. The simulation results in the linear regime are validated by comparison with the linear theory.