Development of double-foil soft X-ray array imaging (DSXAI) diagnostic on HL-2A tokamak

Hangqi XU; Tao LAN; Min XU; Zhanhui WANG; Lin NIE; Jie WU; Sen ZHANG; Yiming ZU; Yi LIU; Yunbo DONG; Wenzhe MAO; Chen CHEN; Jiaren WU; Pengcheng LU; Tianxiong WANG; Qilong DONG; Yongkang ZHOU; Peng DENG; Xingkang WANG; Zeqi BAI; Yuhua HUANG; Zian WEI; Hai WANG; Xiaohui WEN; Haiyang ZHOU; Chu ZHOU; Ahdi LIU; Zhengwei WU; Jinlin XIE; Hong LI; Chijin XIAO; Weixing DING; Wei CHEN; Wulyu ZHONG; Xuru DUAN; Wandong LIU; Ge ZHUANG

doi:10.1088/2058-6272/ada343

Plasma Science and Technology > 2025 > 27(3): 035103. > DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ada343 CSTR: 32219.14.2058-6272/ada343

Hangqi XU, Tao LAN, Min XU, Zhanhui WANG, Lin NIE, Jie WU, Sen ZHANG, Yiming ZU, Yi LIU, Yunbo DONG, Wenzhe MAO, Chen CHEN, Jiaren WU, Pengcheng LU, Tianxiong WANG, Qilong DONG, Yongkang ZHOU, Peng DENG, Xingkang WANG, Zeqi BAI, Yuhua HUANG, Zian WEI, Hai WANG, Xiaohui WEN, Haiyang ZHOU, Chu ZHOU, Ahdi LIU, Zhengwei WU, Jinlin XIE, Hong LI, Chijin XIAO, Weixing DING, Wei CHEN, Wulyu ZHONG, Xuru DUAN, Wandong LIU, Ge ZHUANG. Development of double-foil soft X-ray array imaging (DSXAI) diagnostic on HL-2A tokamak[J]. Plasma Science and Technology, 2025, 27(3): 035103. DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ada343

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Development of double-foil soft X-ray array imaging (DSXAI) diagnostic on HL-2A tokamak

1.
Department of Plasma Physics and Fusion Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
2.
Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, People’s Republic of China
3.
Plasma Physics Laboratory, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SK S7N 5E2, Canada

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Author Bio:
Tao LAN: lantao@ustc.edu.cn
Corresponding author:
Tao LAN, lantao@ustc.edu.cn
Received Date: August 20, 2024
Revised Date: December 21, 2024
Accepted Date: December 23, 2024
Available Online: December 24, 2024
Published Date: February 27, 2025

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

A 100-channel double-foil soft X-ray array imaging (DSXAI) diagnostic system has been developed for the HL-2A tokamak to obtain tomographic bremsstrahlung emissivity and electron temperature (T_e). This system employs a double-foil technique to determine T_e by comparing the soft X-ray (SXR) emissivities from the same plasma location through two beryllium (Be) foils of differing thickness. The DSXAI system comprises five photocameras mounted at two different poloidal cross-sections, separated toroidally by 15°, allowing for three distinct poloidal viewing angles. Each photocamera features 20 channels, offering a temporal resolution of approximately 4 μs and a spatial resolution of about 8 cm, with no channel overlap. Each photocamera contains two identical optical systems, each defined by an aperture slit and a photodiode array. The double-foil configuration is realized by placing these two optical systems, each with a different Be foil, in close proximity. Initial experimental results demonstrate that the DSXAI diagnostic system performs well, successfully reconstructing 2-dimensional (2D) tomographic SXR emissivity and T_e on the HL-2A tokamak. This study provides valuable insights for the future implementation of similar diagnostic systems on fusion reactors like ITER.
- double-foil,
- soft X-ray,
- photocamera,
- bremsstrahlung emissivity,
- electron temperature

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Acknowledgments

The authors greatly thank for the support from the HL-2A team. This work was supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China (Nos. 2022YFE03100004, 2017YFE0301700, 2017YFE0301701 and 2022YFE03060003), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12375226, 12175227, 11875255 and 11975231), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2022M723066), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center, CAS (No. 2022HSC-CIP022).

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