A simulation study of protons heated by left/right-handed Alfvén waves generated by electromagnetic proton–proton instability

Jiansheng YAO (姚建生); Yingkui ZHAO (赵英奎); Difa YE (叶地发); Yi LI (李毅); Lihui CHAI (柴立晖); Jicheng SUN (孙继承)

doi:10.1088/2058-6272/ac11b0

Plasma Science and Technology > 2021 > 23(12): 125301. > DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ac11b0

Jiansheng YAO (姚建生), Yingkui ZHAO (赵英奎), Difa YE (叶地发), Yi LI (李毅), Lihui CHAI (柴立晖), Jicheng SUN (孙继承). A simulation study of protons heated by left/right-handed Alfvén waves generated by electromagnetic proton–proton instability[J]. Plasma Science and Technology, 2021, 23(12): 125301. DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ac11b0

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A simulation study of protons heated by left/right-handed Alfvén waves generated by electromagnetic proton–proton instability

¹ Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China
² CAS Key Lab of Geospace Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
³ Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
⁴ Key Laboratory of Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai 200020, People's Republic of China
⁵ MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, People's Republic of China

Funds: This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11822401, 41674177 and 41874208).

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Received Date: April 04, 2021
Revised Date: July 04, 2021
Accepted Date: July 05, 2021

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Abstract

Abstract

Most protons in the solar wind belong to one of two different populations, the less dense beam protons and the denser core protons. The beam protons, with a velocity of (1–2) V_A ( ${V}_{{\rm{A}}}$ is the local Alfvén speed), always drift relative to the core protons; this kind of distribution is unstable and stimulates several kinds of wave mode. In this study, using a 2D hybrid simulation model, we find that the original right-handed elliptically polarized Alfvén waves become linearly polarized, and eventually become right-handed and circularly polarized. Given that linearly polarized waves are a superposition of left-handed and right-handed waves, cyclotron resonance in the right-handed/left-handed component heats beam/core protons perpendicularly. The resonance between beam protons and right-handed polarized waves is stronger when the beam relative density is lower, resulting in more dramatic perpendicular heating of beam protons, whereas the situation is reversed when the beam relative density is larger.
- proton/proton instability,
- hybrid simulation,
- Alfvén waves

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References

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A simulation study of protons heated by left/right-handed Alfvén waves generated by electromagnetic proton–proton instability