The effect of positive/negative ion on the dust grain charging process in a Vasyliunas-Cairns (VC)-distributed dusty plasma system

Charging mechanism of dust particles has been considered as a growing research area in dusty plasma physics because of its exciting results. In this paper, we consider a low-temperature non- equilibrium multispecies plasma model, which consists of Vasyliunas–Cairns (VC) distributed electrons, negative/positive streaming ions, and negatively-charged dust grains to explain the charging mechanism of dust grains. The main theme of this work is to derive expressions of currents for negatively-charged dust grains (considering an equilibrium state position) in the plasma environment comprised of electrons and positive/negative streaming ions using the VC distribution function. Our proposed model shows that the dust grain surface potential is significantly affected by different plasma parameters such as the negative ion streaming velocity (S_n), positive ion streaming velocity (S_i), spectral indices of VC distribution, negative ion charging state (Z_n), positive ion charging state (Z_i), and negative ion number density (ρ).