Microwave-assisted pre-ionization experiments on GLAST-III

Riaz KHAN; Sehrish SHAKIR; Ahmad ALI; Muhammad Khawar AYUB; Moazzam NAZIR; Zia UR-REHMAN; Abdul QAYYUM; Muhammad Athar NAVEED; Sarfraz AHMAD; Zahoor AHMAD; Rafaqat ALI; Shahid HUSSAIN

doi:10.1088/2058-6272/ac050c

Plasma Science and Technology > 2021 > 23(8): 85102-085102. > DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ac050c

Riaz KHAN, Sehrish SHAKIR, Ahmad ALI, Muhammad Khawar AYUB, Moazzam NAZIR, Zia UR-REHMAN, Abdul QAYYUM, Muhammad Athar NAVEED, Sarfraz AHMAD, Zahoor AHMAD, Rafaqat ALI, Shahid HUSSAIN. Microwave-assisted pre-ionization experiments on GLAST-III[J]. Plasma Science and Technology, 2021, 23(8): 85102-085102. DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ac050c

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Microwave-assisted pre-ionization experiments on GLAST-III

¹ Pakistan Tokamak Plasma Research Institute, P. O. Nilore, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
² Theoretical Physics Division, PINSTECH, P. O. Nilore, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan

Funds: This project was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid from the Planning Commission, Government of Pakistan and IAEA Co-ordinated research project (CRP-F13018) under research grant PAK-22840.

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Received Date: February 25, 2021
Revised Date: May 23, 2021
Accepted Date: May 24, 2021

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Abstract

Abstract

GLAss Spherical Tokamak (GLAST-III) is a spherical tokamak with an insulating vacuum vessel that has a unique single-passage capability for incident microwaves. In this work, electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH)-assisted plasma pre-ionization in GLAST-III is explored for three radio-frequency (RF) polarizations (the O-, X-, and M-modes) at different toroidal-field (TF) strengths and filled gas pressures. The optimum hydrogen pressure is identified for efficient plasma pre-ionization. A comparison of the plasma pre-ionizations initiated by the O-, X-, and M-modes shows prominent differences in the breakdown time, location, and wave absorption. In the case of O-mode polarization, microwave absorption occurs for a relatively shorter duration, resulting in a bell-shaped electron-temperature $\left({T}_{{\rm{e}}}\right)$ temporal profile. Microwave absorption is dominant in the case of the X-mode, leading to a broader ${T}_{{\rm{e}}}$ temporal profile. The M-mode discharge contains features of both the X- and O-modes. Efficient plasma pre-ionization is achieved in the X-mode polarization for the intermediate TF strengths (with a central toroidal magnetic field ${B}_{{\rm{0}}}=0.075\,{\rm{{\rm T}}}$ ). Traces of the electron-number density show a similar tendency, as revealed by ${T}_{{\rm{e}}}.$ These results suggest that the X-mode is the best candidate for efficient plasma pre-ionization at low filled gas pressures $\left(\sim {{\rm{10}}}^{-2}\,{\rm{Pa}}\right)$ in small tokamaks.
- GLAST-III,
- microwave,
- ECRH,
- pre-ionization,
- polarization

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References

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Microwave-assisted pre-ionization experiments on GLAST-III