Temporal and spatial study of differently charged ions emitted by ns-laser-produced tungsten plasmas using time-of-flight mass spectroscopy

Ding WU (吴鼎); George C-Y CHAN; Xianglei MAO (毛向雷); Yu LI (李裕); Richard E RUSSO; Hongbin DING (丁洪斌); Vassilia ZORBA

doi:10.1088/2058-6272/ac08e1

Plasma Science and Technology > 2021 > 23(9): 95505-095505. > DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ac08e1

Ding WU (吴鼎), George C-Y CHAN, Xianglei MAO (毛向雷), Yu LI (李裕), Richard E RUSSO, Hongbin DING (丁洪斌), Vassilia ZORBA. Temporal and spatial study of differently charged ions emitted by ns-laser-produced tungsten plasmas using time-of-flight mass spectroscopy[J]. Plasma Science and Technology, 2021, 23(9): 95505-095505. DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ac08e1

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Temporal and spatial study of differently charged ions emitted by ns-laser-produced tungsten plasmas using time-of-flight mass spectroscopy

¹ School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People's Republic of China
² Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America
³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States of America

Funds: This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFE0301304), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12005034), and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2019M661087). This research was also supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Development, under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231 at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

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Received Date: February 17, 2021
Revised Date: June 04, 2021
Accepted Date: June 06, 2021

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Abstract

Abstract

Tungsten (W) is an important material in tokamak walls and divertors. The W ion charge state distribution and the dynamic behavior of ions play important roles in the investigation of plasma–wall interactions using laser-ablation-based diagnostics such as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and laser-induced ablation spectroscopy. In this work, we investigate the temporal and spatial evolutions of differently charged ions in a nanosecond-laser-produced W plasma in vacuum using time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. Ions with different charge states from 1 to 7 (W⁺ to W⁷⁺) are all observed. The temporal evolutions of the differently charged ions show that ions with higher charge states have higher velocities, indicating that space separation occurs between the differently charged ion groups. Spatially-resolved mass spectroscopy measurements further demonstrate the separation phenomenon. The temporal profile can be accurately fitted by a shifted Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution, and the velocities of the differently charged ions are also obtained from the fittings. It is found that the ion velocities increase continuously from the measured position of 0.75 cm to 2.25 cm away from the target surface, which indicates that the acceleration process lasts through the period of plasma expansion. The acceleration and space separation of the differently charged ions confirm that there is a dynamic plasma sheath in the laser-produced plasma, which provides essential information for the theoretical laser-ablation model with plasma formation and expansion.
- laser ablation,
- temporal and spatial evolution,
- time-of-flight mass spectroscopy,
- spatial separation,
- differently charged ions

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Temporal and spatial study of differently charged ions emitted by ns-laser-produced tungsten plasmas using time-of-flight mass spectroscopy