Soliton formation in electron-temperature-gradient-driven magnetoplasma

Electron-temperature-gradient (ETG)-driven solitons are studied in a plasma. We derive the linear dispersion relation and an admitted solitary wave solution Korteweg–de Vries-type equation (KdV) for the ETG mode in the nonlinear regime by using the Braginskii model and a transformation. It is found that the ETG mode supports only rarefactive solitons. It is also observed that the ratio of electron-to-ion temperature τ= T_e/T_i the ratio of gradient scale lengths η_e = L _n/L_T and the magnetic field B affect both the amplitude and width of a soliton. It is found that the soliton profile changes with variation in these parameters. We apply the homotopy perturbation method to the derived KdV equation. It is found this method is computationally attractive and the results are very impressive. This work may be useful to study the low electrostatic modes in inhomogeneous electron–ion plasma with density and ETG gradients. For illustration, the model has been applied to tokamak plasma.