Predictions of H-mode access and edge pedestal instability in the EHL-2 spherical torus

Yumin WANG; Kai LI; Zhuo HUANG; Yiliang LIU; Shuyu DAI; Jie ZHANG; Yanqing HUANG; Xiang GU; Yihang ZHAO; Shuai XU; Erhui WANG; Dong GUO; Yuejiang SHI; Huasheng XIE; Yunfeng LIANG; Minsheng LIU; the EHL-2 Team

doi:10.1088/2058-6272/ad9f27

Plasma Science and Technology > 2025 > 27(2): 024005. > DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad9f27 CSTR: 32219.14.2058-6272/ad9f27

Yumin WANG, Kai LI, Zhuo HUANG, Yiliang LIU, Shuyu DAI, Jie ZHANG, Yanqing HUANG, Xiang GU, Yihang ZHAO, Shuai XU, Erhui WANG, Dong GUO, Yuejiang SHI, Huasheng XIE, Yunfeng LIANG, Minsheng LIU, the EHL-2 Team. Predictions of H-mode access and edge pedestal instability in the EHL-2 spherical torus[J]. Plasma Science and Technology, 2025, 27(2): 024005. DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad9f27

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Predictions of H-mode access and edge pedestal instability in the EHL-2 spherical torus

1.
Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, People’s Republic of China
2.
ENN Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Langfang 065001, People’s Republic of China
3.
Centre for Theoretical and Computational Physics, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
4.
College of Computer Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
5.
Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
6.
Department of Plasma Physics and Fusion Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
7.
College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hengyang Normal University, Henyang 421002, People’s Republic of China
8.
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Fusion Energy and Nuclear Waste Management - Plasmaphysik, Jülich 52425, Germany

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Author Bio:
Yumin WANG: wangyuminb@enn.cn
Corresponding author:
Yumin WANG, wangyuminb@enn.cn
Received Date: September 30, 2024
Revised Date: December 12, 2024
Accepted Date: December 12, 2024
Available Online: December 14, 2024
Published Date: February 11, 2025

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

The EHL-2 spherical torus is designed to demonstrate proton-boron (p-¹¹B) fusion within a compact spherical tokamak. Its planned heating system includes a negative ion-based neutral beam injection (N-NBI), two positive ion-based NBI systems (P-NBI), electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH), ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH), and high harmonic fast wave (HHFW), with a total power output of 31 MW. According to scaling law estimates, the device is capable of achieving H-mode operation. The plasma density, $n_\text{e,min}$ , at the minimum L-H power threshold, $P_\text{LH}$ , is estimated to be $4.4\times10^{19}$ $\text{m}^{-3}$ . The pedestal parameters were calculated using the REPED model. Assuming B as the primary impurity ion, the predicted pedestal width and height are lower compared to the typical case with carbon impurities. The pedestal collisionality for EHL-2 is estimated to range between 0.06 and 0.17, indicating the potential for significant energy loss due to edge localized modes (ELMs). The heat flux on the divertor plate has been calculated using the JOREK code. The peak heat fluxes during ELM bursts are approximately 31.0 MW/m² at the lower inboard target and 39.5 MW/m² at the lower outboard target. A preliminary design of the resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) coils has been completed to both control type-I ELMs and correct error fields. The system comprises 16 coils arranged into 2 $\times$ 4 pairs. In ELM control mode, a 14/2 component is generated at 1.7 G/kAt, with a current of 4.9 kA required to achieve $\sigma_\text{Chirikov} = 1$ at the resonant surface, where the normalized poloidal magnetic flux is 0.85. In error field (EF) modulation mode, 2/1 and 3/1 components are generated at 3.5 G/kAt and 2.8 G/kAt, respectively.
- H-mode,
- spherical torus (ST),
- EHL-2,
- pedestal,
- resonant magnetic perturbations

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Acknowledgments

This work was performed under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundations of China (Nos. 12075284 and 12205157). This work was supported by the High-End Talents Program of Hebei Province, Innovative Approaches towards Development of Carbon-Free Clean Fusion Energy (No. 2021HBQZYCSB006).

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